Seromolecular Detection of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Immunocompromised Versus Immunocompetent Pediatric Patients

Nashwa Naguib Omar; Manal M. Darwish; Nahla gamaleldin abdelhakim hanafy; mostafa  Mohamed Elghandour; Lamiaa M. El-Moussely

Authors

Nashwa Naguib Omar Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2607-2518
Manal M. Darwish Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Faculty of Pharmacy https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6471-6425
Nahla gamaleldin abdelhakim hanafy Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Modern University for Technology, and Information, Cairo, Egypt. https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6763-099X
mostafa Mohamed Elghandour Department of Pediatric Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8539-7278
Lamiaa M. El-Moussely Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0385-3944

Abstract

Objective: Study aimed to evaluate seromolecular assays in detecting cytomegalovirus in pediatrics versus PCR based on their immunocompetency. Study Design: Retrospective crosectional study. Place and Duration: From December 2019- December 2023 in a tertiary University hospital. Materials and Methods: 203 pediatric patient’s records were collected and divided into; Group 1: Immunocompromised and Group 2: Immunocompetent, whom underwent diagnostic tests by both PCR and Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay. Results: Patients with positive CMV IgG were 82.3% in Group 1 and Group 2 presented 81.3%. Patients with positive CMV IgM and negative PCR were recorded in only (6.3%) of children from Group 1 and (3.7%) of Group 2. Patients with positive CMV PCR were divided into patients with positive CMV IgM representing 4/96 (4.2%) in Group 1, 4/107 (3.7%) in Group 2 and others with negative CMV IgM 6/96 (6.3%) in Group 1, 5/107 (4.7%) in Group 2 respectively. Regarding median viral load it was greater in Group 1 (1189.00 copies/ml) than in Group 2 (492 copies/ml). Total positive CMV by both PCR and IgM (ECLIA) were 11/96 (11.4%) patients in Group 1 giving a sensitivity of 27.2% and a specificity of 90.59% for (ECLIA) versus PCR in this group. Total positive CMV by both PCR and IgM was 9.3% in Group 2 giving a higher sensitivity of 40% and a specificity of 96.91% for (ECLIA) versus PCR in this group. Conclusion: Our study points out the limitations of relying solely on serology without PCR, especially in immunocompromised cases to avoid missing positive cases.

Keywords: CMV, immunocompetent, immunocompromised, PCR, Serology

Author Biography

Nashwa Naguib Omar, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

Seromolecular Detection of Cytomegalovirus Infection in Immunocompromised Versus Immunocompetent Pediatric Patients

Authors

Abstract

Author Biography

Nashwa Naguib Omar, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt

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