Assessing the Severity of Diaper Dermatitis in Pakistani children using Disposable Diaper vs. Traditional Cloth Diapers

Severity of Diaper Dermatitis in Pakistani Children

Abstract

Background: Diaper dermatitis, often known as diaper rash, refers to any of the different inflammatory reactions of the skin within the diaper area, which includes the buttocks, perianal area, genitals, inner thighs and waistline.

Objectives: To assess the frequency and severity of diaper dermatitis in children under the age of two wearing disposable diapers with traditional cloth diapers in Pakistan.

Materials and methods: A cross sectional study on children under the age of two years was conducted in Pakistan from January to December 2021. A pre-tested structured questionnaire was administered using a non-probability convenient sampling technique to assessing the severity of diaper dermatitis. Descriptive analysis was done and Chi-square test was used to determine the association between different domains of diaper dermatitis scale for disposable and cloth diaper. Logistic regression was applied to estimate the effect of socio-demographic characteristics and their association with diaper rashes.

Results: Out of total 520 individuals, diaper dermatitis affected 141 (73%) of the children. The majority 415 (80%) of children use disposable diapers. The frequency of diaper dermatitis was found to be more in females 119 (31.4%) than males and children of illiterate mothers 111(66.0%). A statistically significant difference (P < 0.05) was observed between the severity of diaper dermatitis and the use of disposable diapers versus traditional cloth diapers.

Conclusion: This research found a higher prevalence of diaper dermatitis in children who use disposable diapers versus traditional cloth diapers. Mothers’ education and habits in keeping adequate cleanliness in the diaper area, using standard cleansing materials and use of different remedies can be helpful for diaper rash prevention.